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Central American river turtle
The Central American river turtle (''Dermatemys mawii'') also known locally as the "hickatee" or ''tortuga blanca'' (white turtle)〔Vogt, R.C., Polisar, J.R., Moll, D., & Gonzalez-Porter, G. 2011. ''Dermatemys mawii'' Gray 1847 – Central American River Turtle, Tortuga Blanca, Hickatee. ''In'': Rhodin, A.G.J., Pritchard, P.C.H., van Dijk, P.P., Samure, R.A., Buhlmann, K.A., Iverson, J.B., & Mittermeier, R.A. (Eds.) Conservation Biology of Freshwater Turtles and Tortoises: A Compilation Project of the IUCN/SSC Tortoise and Freshwater Turtle Specialist Group. ''Chelonian Research Monographs'' No. 5, pp. 058.1–058.12, doi:10.3854/crm.5.058.mawii.v1.2011, ().〕 is the only living species in the family Dermatemydidae. Its closest relatives are only known from fossils with some 19 genera described from a worldwide distribution from the Jurassic and Cretaceous.〔 The species is currently found in the Atlantic drainages of the Central American countries of southern Mexico, Belize and Guatemala.〔 It is a relatively large species with historical records of and weights of however more recent records have found few individuals over in Mexico or in Guatemala.〔
It has a low, flattened, smooth carapace with a median keel present in juveniles, it is usually a uniform brown, almost black, gray or olive in color.〔 The plastron is usually white to yellow though may be acquire substrate staining in some areas.〔 In the juvenile, a distinctive keel is found down the center of the carapace, and the outer edges have serrations. These features are lost as the turtle ages. Its skin is predominantly the same color as the shell, with reddish or peach-colored markings around the neck and underside. Males can be differentiated from females by yellow markings on either side of their heads, and longer, thicker tails. It is a nocturnal, completely aquatic turtle that lives in Atlantic draining larger rivers and lakes in Central America, from southern Mexico to the Guatemalan Honduran border.〔 The species is entirely aquatic and does not bask or leave the water, except to lay eggs. The species is also entirely herbivorous eating figs and flowers opportunistically but the majority of the diet are the leaves of terrestrial trees.〔
== Reproduction ==
The exact reproductive season for this species has been confusing in the literature.〔Lee, J.C. ''The Amphibians and Reptiles of the Yucatán Peninsula''. Comstock Publishing Associates, Cornell University Press, Ithaca, New York. pp 500.〕 However it is possible that a combination of a diapause and variable local reproductive ques may be responsible for this. With a primarary breeding season timed with the latter part ofg the rainy season (September to December)〔Polisar, J. 1996. Reproductive biology of a flood-season nesting freshwater turtle of the northern neotropics: ''Dermatemys mawii'' in Belize. ''Chelonian Conservation and Biology''. 2(1):13–15〕 and a secondary season at the beginning of the dry season (January to February).〔 The species can lay up to 4 clutches per year with an average of 2–20 eggs per clutch, however clutch sizes over 15 were not common.〔〔
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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